Stud driving tool



April 2, y1957 T. JfsMm-i ETAL April 2, 1957 T. J. SMITH ErAL snmDRIVING TooL Filed Oct. 28, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 s. W www r m w m5@ dV// Tow April 2, 1957 1r. J. SMITH ET AL STUD DRIVING ToorJ 4Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oct. 28, 1949 IIIIE ,ZMJ my n mm/W N N d an 5.44mNJ. Ir W10 mw .IP Y, B

AApril 2, 1957 T. J. sMn-H ET AL STUD DRIVING TOOL Rled Oct. 28, 1949 4Sheets-Sheet 4 United States Patent O STUD DRIVING TOOL Traver I. Smithand Ralph K. Daugherty, San Jose, Calif., assignors, by mesneassignments, to Oregon Saw Chain Corp., Portland, Oreg., a corporationof Oregon Application October 28, 1949, Serial No. 124,078

27 Claims. (Cl. 1--106) The present invention relates to tools fordriving studs into walls such as concrete and into steel structure bymeans of an explosive action and is concerned more particularly with atool of above character which is constructed for safe operation, forease of tiring, and which tends to reduce the amount of skill requiredin the operator employing the tool. The tool structure is such that twoinoperable halves are provided when the tool is broken into two halvesfor loading and is such that unintentional loading of the tiring pinspring ifs not likely to occur.

The invention is also concerned with a -tool of the above character inwhich the barrel can be extended into recessed places such as junctionboxes, for example, and can be fired with the same safety as when placeddirectly against 'a plane surface. The tool is also designed to providea safe tiring construction and mode of operation by eliminating thenecessity for movement of a portion of the tool toward the surface intowhich the stud is to be driven at the time of firing and this isaccomplished in part by the sequence of push and turn movements toelfect the tiring of the tool. The tool is designed to be taken aparteasily without the aid of special tools.

The above and other objects of the invention are attained in theembodiment described herein in connection with the accompanying drawingsin which:

Figures la and 1b are a longitudinal sectional view through the toolwith the parts in their normal position prior to any operation of thetool.

Figures 2a and 2b are views similar to Figures la and lb in which thetool has been compressed preparatory to firing but has not had anyrelative turning movement applied to effect the tiring operation.

Figure 3 is an elevational view of the tool partially in section toillustrate certain details of construction.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the pressure pad employed with fthe tool.

Figure 5 is a detailed view of the breech block of the tool.

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the firing control cam of the tool asviewed from the bottom on the line 6-6 in Figure la.

Figure 7 is ya transverse sectional view taken as indicated by the line7--7 in Figure la showing the sear type trigger and its mounting.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional View of the tool taken -as indicatedby the line 8 8 in Figure 2a, with the grip or handle 11 omitted fromthe view.

Figure 9 is a sectional view similar to Figure la showing the rear orhandle half of the tool.

Figure l0 is a sectional view similar to Figure lb showing the front orbarrel half of the tool.

Referring to Figures la, lb, and 3, the tool includes a cylindricalhousing 10 having an end hand grip or handle 11 and an intermediate handgrip 12 secured thereon as later described. Disposed within the housingis a firing control cam 13 of generally cylindrical shape, and a breechblock or firing pin carrier 14 for a firing pin 16.

2,787,000 Patented Apr. 2, 1957 ICC The breech block 14 is connected atits forward end to the barrel 17 there being a removable breech plug 18clamped therebetween and a hardened barrel liner 19 pressed in thebarrel for holding the stud 21 to be driven. The cartridge is shown at22 in the breech plug. About the barrel 17 there is a barrel guidesleeve 23 between which and a snap ring 24 the barrel spring 26 isdisposed. A firing pad 27 is provided about the muzzle of the barrelbeing mounted on a sleeve 28 having a spring 29 associated therewith. Ashell or housing sleeve 31 encloses the spring 29 and associated partsand is connected to the housing 10 as later described.

Referring in detail to the construction of the above parts, the housing10 at its rearward or left end, as viewed in Figure la, frictionallyreceives the rear grip or handle 11 which h-as integrally molded thereina sleeve 36 provided with a shoulder 37 engaging the end of the housing10. An aperture 38 in the rubber portion of the grip 11 and in thesleeve 36 register with a circumferential slot 35 (Figures la, 2a, and8) in the housing 10 to provide for insertion of a retaining screw 39which is threaded into the cam 13. The screw 39 connects the grip 11,the housing 10, andthe cam 13 against relative longitudinal displacementwhile providing for relative rotative adjustment between the housing 10and Ithe grip 11 and between the housing 10 and the cam 13. Within therecessed end of the housing 10, there is provided a guide plate 41secured in place by a snap ring 42 of rectangular cross section, theguide plate having an ear 43 at the lower end for engagement inalongitudinal milled groove 44 (Figure 3) of the housing 10 to maintainthe alignment of the guide plate 41. The guide plate 41 is apertured toslidably receive the rear end of the tiring pin 16 and to provide a stopfor the actuating spring 46 therefore which extends forwardly and abutsa snap ring 47 on the firing pin. The forward end of the firing pin 16is slidably mounted in Ka bored passage 48 in the breech block 14, whichpassage terminates in a tapered end seat 48a to correspond to thetapered end of the ring pin itself thus providing a stop for forwardmovement of tiring pin as later described. Adjacent its front end thefiring pin 16 is provided with an annular groove 49 for engagement by asear type trigger 51 (Figures 1a and 7), which is pivoted on a pin 52 inthe breech block and which is disposed in a milled transverse slot 53 ofthe breech block. The trigger 51 is spring-urged to the position shownin Figure 7 and for this purpose is en gaged by the end of a flat spiralspring 54 which extends around an annular groove 56 in the breech blockand is secured thereto by a pin 57. As seen by comparison of Figures 2aand 9, rearward movement of the breech block 14 will engage notch 55 ofthe control cam 13 with the upper end of the trigger 51 so thatsubsequent relative rotation between the breech block 14 and the cam 13will operate the trigger as later described.

' The breech block 14 (Figure la) is provided with a transverse aperture58 to receive snugly Ia guide pin 59 having an end slidably engaged withthe milled groove 44 in the housing 10 so that the breech block isconstrained` portion of the cam groove 62 is provided with an en' largedend portion 62a which permits relative turning movement between thecontrol cam 13 and the breech block 14, which occurs, as laterexplained, at the time of firing torelease the ring pin 16 from thetrigger 51.

To connect the breech block 14 to the barrel 17 at the midpoint of thetool so as to provide two inoperable portions of the tool whendisassembled, the breech block has an internally threaded recessed end-66 (Figures la and 9) which engages over an enlarged threaded portion67 (Figures la and l0) of the barrel with a tapered flange 68 of thebreech plug 18 interposed therebetween. The breech plug 18 seats againstya tapered surface of the barrel with its end spaced from the barrelliner 19 to provide clearance V'for sa flange on the head 71 of the stud21.

The hand grip V12 has molded therein a ring 74 carryin g a pair ofdiametrically opposite connecting pins 76 which extend into alignedslots 77 in the housing 10 (Figure 9). A snap ring 7S is seated withinthe housi-ng and-engages the pins 76 to maintain the assembledVcondition of the parts.v In this way, the housing 10 (and the breechblock "-14 because of the engagement of its pin 59 with a groove 44 ofthe housing 10) are connected for rotative movement as a unit with thegrip 12. It will be noted also that the snap ring 7S forms a stop(Figures la and `9) for the breech block 14 in the normal expandedposition of the parts, in which the breech block is urged forwardly bythe ring pin spring 46 acting through the ring pin 16 and the trigger 51and also urged forward by the spring 26 acting through the barrel 17.

It should be noted also that the parts thus far described in detail,with exception of the barrel 17, form the breech or rear .portion of thetool which are assembled as a rear unit separable from the front end orbarrel portion of the tool, now to be described.

The barrel 17 is slidably and non-rotatably mounted within the barrelguide sleeve 23 which is held in place within the shell 31 at one endthereof by a snap ring 72 and by respective diametrically opposed pins70 seated in the sleeve 23 and engaging suitable apertures in the shell31. For this purpose, the barrel 17 is provided with a longitudinalgroove 82 which is engaged by a guide pin 81 securedin the barrel guidesleeve. The snap ring 24 and a washer 80 at the end of the barrel guidesleeve 23 provide abutments for the barrel spring 26.A The spring 26maintains the barrel guide lsleeve in engagement with the snap ring 72,previously referred to, so that the barrel and the barrel guide sleeveare in normally relatively expanded relation as seen in Figures la and1b.

In order to control the movement of the deector pad 27 with respect tothe barrel, the deector control spring 29 is seated at `one end againsta shoulder'S- of the barrel guide sleeve 23 and at the other end engagesthe end of the deector mounting sleeve 28. The sleeve 28 is slidablymounted within the shell 31 with a close sliding fit and abuts aretaining nut 86 threaded in the end of this shell in the expandedpositionV of the spring shown in Figure `1b. At its outer end thedeflector mounting sleeve 2S is provided with a reduced threadedportionV 87 for receiving the central eccentric control plate 88 of thedeector pad 27, which is rotatively adjustable within the outer supportplate 39 of this. pad. The adjustable plate S8 is provided with anexternal annular flange 91 which seats in a cooperating recess of theplate 39 and is held therein by a retaining plate 92. Respective rubberparts '93 and 94 are suitably secured to the plates 89 and 38' forengagement with the surface against which the tool is to be tired toinstall a stud. The deflector padstructure is disclosed and claimed inthe co-pending application of Virginius R. Erickson and :Benjamin B.Bullwinkle, Serial No. 130,818, itiled December 2, 1949 for Stud DrivingTool, now Patent No. 2,679,645 granted v.lune 1, 1954.

From the above description, it will be apparent that the tool can be'separated into two Vhalves by grasping the hand grip 12 and the shell31 to unscrew the barrel from the breech block so that the stud 21 andthe cartridge 22 can be placed in the tool'for operation indriving astud. With the stud and the cartridge in place as shown in Figures laand 10 and the tool placed with the barrel against the surface intowhich the stud is to be driven, subsequent pressure on the handle 11 orthe handle 12 will move the parts from the position shown in Figures 1aand 1b to the position of the parts shown in Figures 2a and 2b where thebarrel has receded (or the housing has telescoped over the breech blockand barrel structure) until the deflector pad has engaged the surfaceinto which the stud is to lbe driven and in which the spring -46 for thetiring pin 16 has been compressed. This receding movement of the barrel17 and with it the breech block 14, also brings the end of the trigger51 into engagement with its control slot 55 in the cam cylinder 13 andhas disposed the roller 61 into circumferential alignment with theenlarged portion 62a (Figure 6) of the cam groove 62 of the cam cylinder13. Then by gripping with one hand the grip 11 and with the other handthe grip 12 and relatively rotating the grip 11 and cam cylinder 13 as aunit, with respect to the breech block 14, the housing 10, and the grip12, as a unit, the trigger S1 is moved out of engagement with the tiringpin groove 56 so that it is free to move forward under the influence ofits spring 46 and lire the cartridge 22 in the usual fashion. Thus, thetrigger 51 forms a part of control means for tiring operation and hastwo actively adjusted positions with respect to the firing Vpin `16, inone of their relative positions it restrains movement of the iin'ng pinunder the urgency of the spring 46 during receding movement of thebreech block 14 and the barrel 17. After the receding movement iscompleted, the vhand grip 11 Vis turned to move the trigger 51 to asecond relatively adjusted position with respect to the firing pin 156,in which the tiring pin is free of restraint, and tiring action iseffected. This results in shearing the flange on the head 71 of the stud21 and driving the stud 21 into the surface with which the tool has beenengaged. After 'the tool has been red, the reverse movement of the partstakes place to restore the various parts to the positions shown inFigures la and 1b. By virtue of the relative telescoping movement of thedeector pad in its mounting with respect to the barrel, the barrel canbe extended into recesses into engagement with thesurface therein whilethe deector pad is engaged with the surface around the recess. That is,if an extension of the .barrel is necessary to reach into a recess, thedeflector pad engages about the recess and recedes with respect to thebarrel until the end of the barrel engages the surface into which thefastener is to be driven. The extreme position of the deector pad `withrespectto the barrel is shown in Figure 2b. It will be noted that theamount the barrel extends beyond the deector pad, in the normal positionof the parts shown in Figure 1b, is substantially less than the amountof travel required yto engage ythe roller 6'1 with the enlarged portion62a at the rear of the cam slot 62 so that the pressure pad is alwaysfirmly engaged with the surface about the barrel at the time of ring andmust also have some relative receding movement with respect tothe shell31 in the conditioning of the tool for firing. Because of the closesliding fit between the deector'mounting sleeve 2S, the shell 31, andthe nut S6, any substantial tilting of the deflector pad 27 with respectto the surface of the work will resultv in binding the parts andpreventing further telescoping movement of the detiector pad'so that thetool cannotbemoved to tiring position -unless in substantially rightangle relation to the surface into which the stud is to Vbe driven. Thisis an important safety factor of thetool in that any substantial amountof tilting the tool with respect to the surface is apt to result inricocheting of the stud as it engages the surface which itis supposed topenetrate.

It will be noted also that 'the construction ofthe tool lends itself toease of assembly and disassembly with minimum of tools required, theentire disassembly ct 'the tool beingreffected by the vremoval of thescrew 39 and the various snap rings which hold the parts in place,together with the removal of the deflector pad from its mounting sleeve28.

As previously explained, when the tool is separated in the two halves asillustrated in Figures 9 and l0, there is no means present by which thefiring pin spring 46 can be compressed so that no accidental preloadingof the firing spring can take place until the tool is assembled andready to fire. Also by virtue of the fact that the cartridge is carriedin one half of the tool and the tiring pin in the other half the twohalves of the tool by themselves are inoperable and no accidental firingcan take place in this respect.

Further insurance against accidental or unintentional firing is obtainedthrough the sequence of movements of the tool to obtain firing, i. e.,the rearward and front sections must be relatively telescoped bypressing action of the tool against the surface to move the parts fromthe position shown in Figures la and 1b to that shown in Figures 2a and2b and then a definite turning movement must be applied between thecontrol cylinder 13 and its grip 11 and the breech block 14 and its grip12 in order to produce the actual firing of the tool. At the time offiring there is no relative movement of any part of the tool toward thesurface so that the tool is firmly in place and any tendency towardmisalignment of the tool with respect to the surface can be avoided sothat a better penetrating section is obtained with less shattering ofthe material around the point of penetration of the stud.

Referring to Figure 2a, it will be noted that at the time of firing, thefiring pin carrier 14 is positioned against the forward end of the camcylinder 13 so that recoil is transmitted directly, with no interposedsprings, through the housing to the grip 11. This results in a completeabsorption of recoil by the operator with reduced tendency of the toolto be moved out of position at the time of firing.

While we have shown and described a preferred embodiment of theinvention, it will be understood that the invention is capable ofvariation and modification from the form shown so that its scope shouldbe limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto.

We claim:

1. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a cylindrical housing, ahand grip mounted at the rearward end of said housing for relativerotative movement with respect thereto, a control cylinder mountedwithin said end of said housing and connected to said hand grip forrotative movement therewith, said cylinder 'having a notch at itsforward end and having a cam slot extending from said forward end to arearward enlarged slot portion, a breech block slidably andnon-rotatably mounted in said housing and normally spaced forwardly ofsaid cylinder, a ring pin in said breech block, a trigger latch for saidfiring pin carried by said breech block and having a portion inlongitudinal alignment with said notch and for engagement `therewithupon rearward movement of said breech block, said breech block having aguide portion engaging said cam slot for preventing relative rotativemovement between said block and said cylinder except when engaged 'withsaid enlarged slot portion, a barrel detachably engaged with said breechblock, a barrel guide sleeve disposed about said barrel and having aslidable non-rotatable connection therewith, a barrel spring, a shelldisposed about and connected to said guide sleeve, a de- 'ector paddisposed about the muzzle end of said barrel, 'a mounting sleevecarrying said pad and extending inwardly within said shell, a stop forsaid mounting sleeve in said shell, and spring means interposed betweensaid mounting sleeve and said guide sleeve.

2. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a cylindrical housing, ahand grip mounted at the rearward end of said housing for relativerotative movement with respect thereto, a control cylinder mountedwithin said end of said housing and connected to said hand grip forrotative movement therewith, a breech block slidably and non-rotatablymounted in said housing and normally spaced forwardly of said cylinder,a firing pin in said breech block, a trigger latch for said ring pincarried by said breech block, said control cylinder having notch meansfor engaging said latch and effecting release thereof upon relativelongitudinal movement of said cylinder and said breech block followed byrelative rotative movement therebetween, a barrel detachably engagedwith said breech block, a barrel guide sleeve disposed about said Vbarrel and having a slidable non-rotatable connection therewith, abarrel spring guide, a shell disposed about and connected to said guidesleeve, a deiiector pad disposed about the muzzle end of said barrel, amounting sleeve carrying said pad and extending inwardly within saidshell, a stop for said mounting sleeve in said shell, and spring meansinterposed between said mounting sleeve and said guide sleeve.

3. In a tool for explosive driving of'studs, a cylindrical housing, ahand grip mounted at the rearward end of said housing for relativerotative movement with respect thereto, a control cylinder mountedwithin said end of said housing and connected to said hand grip forrotative movement therewith, said cylinder having a notch at its forwardend, a breech block slidably and non-rotatably mounted in said housingand normally spaced forwardly of said cylinder, a firing pin carried bysaid breech block and in said breech block, a trigger latch for saidfiring pin having a portion in longitudinal alignment with said notclcand for engagement therewith upon rearward movemen of said breech block,means for controlling relative ro tative movement between said block andsaid cylinder, z barrel detachably engaged with said breech block, abarre guide sleeve disposed about said barrel and having a slidablenon-rotatable connection therewith, and a barrel spring connectedbetween said barrel and said housing and resisting inward movement ofthe barrel with respect to said housing.

4. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a cylindrical housing, ahand grip mounted on an end of said housing for relative rotativemovement with respect thereto, a control cylinder mounted within saidend of said hous- Aing and connected to said hand grip for rotativemovement therewith, said cylinder having a notch at its forward end, abreech block slidably and non-rotatably mounted in said housing andnormally spaced forwardly of said cylinder, a ring pin in said breechblock, a trigger latch for said firing pin carried by said breechblock-and having a portion in longitudinal alignment with said notch andfor engagement therewith upon rearward movement of said breech block,means for controlling relative rotative movement between said block andsaid cylinder, a barrel detachably engaged with said breech block, abarrel guide sleeve disposed about said barrel and having a slidablenon-rotatable connection therewith, and a barrel spring connectedbetween said barrel and said housing and resisting inward movement ofthe barrel with respect to said housing.

5. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing structure, abarrel assembly slidably mounted with respect thereto, spring meansmaintaining a normally expanded condition of said assembly with respectto said housing, deflector means surrounding the muzzle end of saidbarrel, and means mounting said deliector means for yieldable recedingmovement with respect to said muzzle end.

6. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing structure, abarrel assembly slidably mounted with respect thereto for movement froma normal position to a ring position, spring means maintaining anormally expanded condition of said assembly with respect to saidhousing and said assembly receding into said housing to firing position,deflector means surrounding the muzzle end of said barrel, and meansmounting said defiector means for yieldable receding movement withrespect to said muzzle end, said mounting means providing for a greaterextent of receding movement of said d'eector means than that-of saidassembly.

7. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing structure, abarrel assembly slidably mounted with rcspect thereto, spring meansmaintaining a normally cxpanded condition of said assembly with respectto said housing, deiector means surrounding the muzzle end of saidbarrel, andmeans mounting said defiector means for yieldabl'e recedingmovement with respect to said muzzle end, said mounting means includingtelescoping parts having a'close sliding tit to bind under angularstresses applied -to said Ydeilector means. Y

-8. VIn a tool for explosive driving of studs, Va housing structure, Vabarrel assembly slidably mounted with respect thereto, spring meansmaintaining a normally expanded condition of said assembly with respectto said housing, deiiector means surrounding the muzzle end Vof saidbarreLand means mounting ,said detlector means `for yieldable recedingmovement with respect to said muzzle end, said mounting Vmeans'including .means for stopping relative sliding movement between saidbarrel and said deflector means when angular stresses are applied tosaid deector means.

9. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel `structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in .thehousing between a projecting position and a retracted position, .atiring pin in the breech block Aof Ysaid'structure, a tiring pin springenergized by movement of said structure from said projecting position tosaid retracted position, a trigger latch for `said tiring pin movablymounted in Vthe breech block of said struct-ure and normally engagingsaid pinto restrain 'firing movement thereof during energization of saidspring, a latch releasing'member in said housing and vspaced from saidlatch to provide for rotative driving engagement therebetween uponreceding movement o'f said structure to said retracted position in saidhousing, said structure and saidhousing having a lost-motion connectionwith said latch Yreleasing member in said retracted position providinglfor relative rotative movement thereof with respect to said latchreleasing member to etect rclease of said latch.

l0. In a tool for explosive driving-of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel st-ructure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing, said breech block and lbarrel structure being movable -from anormal expanded position with respect to said housing by recedingmovement to a retracted position in said housing, a tiring pin in saidstructure, a vnormally inactive spring means for said tiring pin, atrigger latch in said structure and normally engaging said ring pin andpreventing movement of said tiring pin under the urgency of said springmeans, a latch releasing member in said housing and spaced from ,said,latch to provide ,for envgagement therebetween upon receding movementof said .structure into said housing, said spring means beingcornpressed 'by said receding movement, said structure `and said housingbeing connectedfor relative rotative .movement -with respectto'saidlatch releasing member in the relative longitudinal retractedposition `thereof with said latch releasing member and said -latchengaged to effect Vrelease of said latch.

1l. In ka tool for explosive driving of studs, a houszing, a breechblock and ,barrel structure mounted yfor longitudinal sliding movementin the housing, saidbreech block and barrel structure being movable froma normal expanded position with respect .to said housing by recedingmovement to a retracted position in 'said housing, a tiring pin in saidstructure, a latch in said structure and Vnormally .engaging said tiringV,pin and preventing move- Vment of said firing pin, a latch releasingmember in said housing and spaced from said latch to Aprovide for `en.gagement` therebetween upon receding movement Aof said structure intosaid housing, said structure being con. nectd for relative rotativemovement withy respect to said latch releasing member in the relativelongitudinal retracted position thereof with said latch releasing memberand said latch engaged to effect release of said latch.

l2. in a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for lon- Vgitudinal sliding movement in thehousing, and normally maintained in expanded relation thereto, a Iiringpi in said structure, normally ineffective means for control'- lingoperation of said tiring pin, means responsive to receding movement ofsaid structure with respect to said housing to condition said operationcontrolling means for operation, and means mounted for rotary movementon said housing for effecting operation of said operation controllingmeans.

13. in a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing, and normally maintained in expanded relation thereto, a tiringpin in said structure, normally 'ineiective spring means for operatingsaid firing pin, normally active latch means for said tiring pin, means`responsive to lrecedingmovement of said structure for loading saidspring means, and manually operable means for releasing said latch.

14. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech Vblockand barrel structure mounted for llongitudinal sliding movement in thehousing from a normal expanded position to a retracted position, anormally deenergized tiring means in said structure said breech blockand barrel structure energizing said firing means upon movement fromsaid expanded position to said retracted position, a firing control camfor said iir'ing means mounted for limited rotary movement in saidhousing, a rst grip journalled on said housing and connected to saidcontrol cam, and a second grip secured to Y said housing, said gripsproviding means for eecting relative turning of said cam with respect tosaid housing and said structure to cause operationof said firing means.

15. In a tool for explosive driving-of studs, a housing, a breech "blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing between a normal expanded position and a retracted position, anormally de-energized tiring means in said structure, said firing meansbeing connected for energization upon movement of said structure fromsaid expanded position to said retracted position, a firing control camfor said tiring means mounted vfor .limited rotary movement in saidhousing to control operation of the said tiring means,

.and a gripkjournalled on said housing and connected to said controlcam.

16. In a to'ol for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing between a normal expanded position and a retracted position, anormally de-energized tiring means in said structure including a ringpin having a shoulder and normally deenergized spring means engagedwithsaid pin, Asaid spring means -bein'g connected for energization uponlmovement of said structure' from said expanded vposition to saidretracted position, a latch lever pivoted about a longitudinal axis .andspring-urged to engage said shoulder, a tiring control cam for said.ring' Ameans mounted for limited rotary movement in said housing .tocontrol operation of said ring means, and a grip journalled on saidhousing and connected to said control cam.

17. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, al housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted vfor longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing between a normal expanded position and a retracted position, anormally de-energized ring means insaid structure, said Vtiring meanslbeing connected to said -structure andsaid housing for energi-zationuponv movement fof said v'structure from expanded position to saidretracted position, a tiring control cam rotatably mounted in saidhousing, and

grip means carried by said housing and connected to said control cam tocontrol rotation of said cam to cause operation of said firing meansafter energization thereof.

18. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing between a normal expanded position and a retracted position, anormally de-energized ring means in said structure, said firing meansbeing connected to said structure and said housing for energization uponmovement of said structure into said housing, ring control cam rotatablymounted in said housing, and grip means carried by said housing andconnected to said control cam to control rotation of said cam to causeoperation of said ring means after energization thereof, the slidingreceding movement of said structure into said housing to said retractedposition serving to place said structure in endwise engagement with saidcam for transmission of recoil therethrough to said housing and saidgrip means upon operation of said firing means.

19. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing from a normal expanded position to a retracted position withrespect thereto, a ring pin mounted for longitudinal sliding movement insaid structure, a ring pin spring interposed between said pin and arearward portion of said housing, said spring being relativelyde-energized in said expanded position of said structure with respect tosaid housing, a latch element movably mounted on said structure andengaging means on said firing pin to restrain tiring movement thereofupon receding movement of said structure into said housing to saidretracted position, a control member mounted in said housing for limitedrotary movement with respect thereto and having means for establishingdriving engagement with said latch element upon movement of saidstructure to its retracted position, and means interconnecting saidstructure and said member to prevent relative rotary movementtherebetween in the expanded positon of said structure with respect tosaid housing, said interconnecting means having a lostmotion connectionin said retracted position of said structure to provide for rotarymovement of said control member with said latch element engagedtherewith to disengage said latch element from said tiring pin.

20. In a tool for exxplosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing from a normal expanded position to a retracted position withrespect thereto, a firing pin mounted for longitudinal sliding movementin said structure, a firing pin spring interposed between said pin and arearward portion of said housing, said spring being relativelyde-energized in said expanded position of said structure with respect tosaid housing, a latch element movably mounted on said structure andengaging means on said ring pin to restrain firing movement thereof uponreceding movement of said structure into said housing to said retractedposition, a control member mounted in said housing for limited rotarymovement with respect thereto and having means for establishing drivingengagement with said latch element upon movement of said structure toits retracted position, means interconnecting said structure and saidmember to prevent relative rotary movement therebetween in the expandedposition of said structure with respect to said housing, saidinterconnecting means having a lost-motion connection in said retractedposition of said structure to provide for rotary movement of saidcontrol member with said latch element engaged therewith to disengagesaid latch element from said firing pin, and a grip mounted for movementin said housing and connected to said control member for effecting saidlimited rotary movement thereof.

2l. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for .4 i 10 y y longitudinal slidingmovement in the housing and normally maintained in expanded relationthereto, a ring pin, normally inactive spring means for operating saidring pin, means responsive to receding movement of said structure forloading said spring means, and means including a hand grip mounted forrotary movement on the housing relative to said structure for renderingsaid spring means effective after loading thereof.

22. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure mounted for longitudinal sliding movement in thehousing and normally maintained in expanded relation thereto, a handgrip on said housing at the end thereof opposite to the barrel end ofthe tool, said hand grip being mounted for limited rotative movement, atiring pin, normally ineffective means for controlling operation of saidfiring pin, means responsive to receding movement of said structure withrespect to said housing to condition said operation controlling meansfor operation, and means responsive to rotary movement of said hand griprelative to said structure for eifecting operation of said operationcontrolling means.

i 23. In a tool for explosive driving of studs including a barrel partand a handle part, a breech block in said handle part mounted forlongitudinal sliding movement therein, a barrel in said barrel partdetachably connected to said breech block, whereby in the assembledcondition of the tool said breech block land said barrel are slidable asa unit with respect to the handle part, means normally maintaining saidbreech lblock and said barrel in expanded relation relative to saidhandle part, a cam cylinder in said handle part having a cam slot, meanson said breech block engaging Isaid cam slot for controlling relativeturning movement therebetween, a tiring pin in said handle part, afiring pin spring, means responsive to receding movement of said barreland said breech block to place |said spring under compression andthereby condition the tiring pin for firing, a hand grip mounted forlimited rotative movement on said handle part, 'and means controlled bysaid hand grip upon rotative movement thereof, with said barrel and`said breech 'block in receded position and with said firing pin yspringunder compression, to release said firing pin for firing action underthe urgency of said firing pin spring.

24. In a tool for explosive driving of studs including 'a Ibarrel partand a handle part, a breech block in said handle part mounted forlongitudinal sliding movement therein, a barrel detachably connected tosaid breech block, whereby in the assembled condition of the tool saidbreech block and `barrel are slidable as `a unit with respect to thehandle part, means normally maintaining said breech block and saidbarrel in expanded relation relative to said handle part, a firing pinin said handle part, a firing pin spring, control means carried 'by saidbreech block and having one position with respect to said ring pin inwhich said means is effective to restrain firing movement of said pinduring receding movement of said barrel and said breech block to placesaid spring under compression and condition it for firing, and saidcontrol means having a second position with respect to Isaid tiring pinin which said means is ineffective to restrain said pin, a hand gripmounted for limited rotative movement on said handle part, and meanscontrolled by said hand grip upon rotative movement thereof, with saidbarrel and said breech block 'in lreceded position and with said firingpin spring under compression, to effect relative movement between saidcontrol means and said firing pin to move said control means from saidone position relative to said ring pin to said second position torelease said ring pin for firing action under the urgency of said tiringspring pin.

25. In a tool for explosive driving of studs, a housing, a breech blockand barrel structure, said structure having its breech end positionedwithin said housing, a deflector pad structure surrounding the muzzleend of said barrel, one of said structures being mounted forlongitudinal slidingmov'ement withl respect tosaid housing and normallymaintained inY ep'andedgreltion thereto, a iring pin having an end in`said breech block, normally ineiective 'spring means for operating saidfiring pin, normally active latch means for saidring pin, meansresponsive Yto receding movement of said one of said structures withrespect to said housing ,for loading said spring means, and manually`operable means for releasing said latch. A

26. Ina tool for explosive driving fof studs, a housing, a breech block,and barrel structure .having a breech end and a muzzle end, said breech.end of saidstructurebeing positioned withinsaidjhousing, va:.le'flectorpad y structure surrounding the muzzle .end of the first mentionedstruc-r ture, one of said structures being mounted lfor llongitudinalsliding movement relative to said housing between' an extended .positionand a vc oimare'ssed.gposition, `resilient means urging said one`structure toward said extended position, a firing pin having an end insaid breech block, a normally unloaded springlmeans for operating saidfiring lpin, normally act-ive latch means yfor preventing operation ofsaid tiring pin, means including said latch for loading saidspringlmeans upon movement of vsaid one structure from jsaid extendedposition to said compressed position, and manually opera-ble meansoperable when said one structure is in said compressed position only forreleasing said latch. Y

27. In a tool for explosive driving `of studs, a housing, a breechIblock and 'barrel structurehaving a breech end and 4a rin'uzzleY end,said breech endv of said structure-being positioned within'sa'idVhousing, a de'ectorpad structure surrounding the muzzle end of said`breech block and barrel structure, :one `of said structures beingmounted for longitudinal sliding movement relativerto said housing'between an extended position and a compressed position, resilient meansurging said one *structureV toward said extended position, a ring pinmovable 'between -a retracted `and a tiring position, normally unloadedspring means for moving said Lpin from retracted to firing position, 'alatch moved by said onestructuije andengaging `said pin to move said pinto retracted position 'and load said spring means upon movement of saidone structure from said extended :position to said compressed positionand manually opera-ble means .positioned to engage said. latch when saidone structure is in said compressed position `only for rreleasing saidlatch to lenablesaid spring means to move said pin to ring position.

References Citedvin the .le of this patent UNlTED STATES PATENTS TempleApr. 6, 1943

